Identity Check is a feature that Google introduced for Pixel devices with Android 15 through the Pixel Feature Drop update last year. It is similar to the Stolen Device Protection feature on the iPhone. According to the updated support document, Identity Check will be available to all Android 15 devices in the near future.
It provides additional protection to users when the device is stolen, personal data cannot be accessed by thieves. Previously, it was only available to Pixel devices in the form of a Beta test and will first be available on Samsung Galaxy devices with One UI 7 before later being expanded to other Android 15 devices. The development of this feature is similar to that done for the Google to Search feature which was initially only supported by Samsung devices before arriving on Pixel and other Android devices.
With this feature enabled, users will have to verify their identity with a biometric scan to access account settings or device system settings when the user is outside of a designated location radius. Thieves will also not be able to disable features like Find My Device, change the device's password or PIN, format the device, and more.