Google is now ready to use SMS-based verification for GMail for registration, as well as for two-factor authentication. However, this is expected to change soon.
Via Forbes, it was reported that GMail will replace the use of SMS code-based verification, and replace it with QR code-based verification. Through this change, users will be shown a QR code, and then need to scan it using the camera application on their smartphone.
With this step, the cost of sending SMS can be reduced, while at the same time it is said to be better in terms of security, where users cannot be fooled into sharing SMS codes.
Full information regarding the use of QR code-based verification has not been shared yet. It is also not known whether GMail will also support verification using Google Authenticator or vice versa.
Google may officially share more about this in the near future.